Articles
In-depth articles on AI, web development, cloud native, and indie hacking.
A list of links at the end of an answer does not let users verify conclusions. This article designs a traceable React citation experience through evidence data contracts, streaming placeholders, accessible interactions, and source security.
Hooks are more than useState/useEffect: custom Hooks are React's "unit of reuse." This article explains when to extract custom Hooks, how Hooks compose, dependency arrays and stale closures, testing with renderHook + act, and why not to over-abstract Hooks.
Multi-turn AI conversations need more than a single messages array. This article separates transient browser state, server-side conversation facts, generation runs, and idempotent protocols to prevent conversation mix-ups, duplicate messages, and data loss on refresh.
Large tables slowing down? Partitioning splits one physical table into multiple child tables so queries scan only relevant partitions. This article explains PostgreSQL Range, List, and Hash strategies, partition pruning, when to partition at tens of millions of rows, how to choose a partition key, and how partitioning relates to indexes.
Splitting Context is only a prerequisite. This article focuses on cached snapshots, atomic notifications, initial server snapshots, and race consistency in useSyncExternalStore, with Profiler fixtures that cap component fanout per commit.
AI support is among the easiest Agent use cases to deploy, and to turn into a "dumb bot." This article builds a deployable support Agent end to end: RAG for FAQs, function calling for order lookups and ticket creation, and human handoff when uncertain.
AI messages include code, citations, and delayed content, so ordinary fixed-height virtual lists jump when history is backfilled. This article uses stable message keys, height correction, explicit anchors, and real-browser fixtures to constrain DOM growth and scroll drift.
Functional tests do not catch broken layouts, changed colors, or incorrect font sizes; only visual regression testing can. This article explains VRT principles, screenshot and pixel diffs, Playwright, Chromatic, Percy, threshold tuning, CI integration, and how to prevent VRT from becoming a noise generator.
Directory proximity does not imply a dependency. This article organizes build, symbol, configuration, and runtime edges into a versioned repository graph so coding Agents can compute the impact closure, rollout order, and rollback boundaries before making changes.
Network timeouts, double-clicks, and auto-retries can replay the same request many times. Idempotency ensures an operation run N times yields consistent results. Covers the essence (GET naturally idempotent vs POST not), implementation (Idempotency Key + dedup table), idempotency for payments and ordering, and concurrency coordination.
The real danger of automatic renewal is not price reminders, but contract deadlines, data exports, and system dependencies scattered across inboxes and individual memory. Versioned vendor records, a renewal state machine, and exit drills turn the prepayment decision into a verifiable acceptance point.
Your GraphQL schema is the API contract, and designing it well matters more than clever resolvers. This article covers type-first design, descriptions, Connection pagination, enums vs. strings, DataLoader for N+1, safe schema evolution and deprecation, and when GraphQL is or is not the right choice.